One of the main uses for diltiazem is for controlling the ventricular rate during a. fib.
Basically, as the atria fire rapidly the diltiazem blocks the AV node, a spot where electric impulses from the atria travel to the ventricles. Thus, it allows the ventricular rate to stay in control. While it may be used for blood pressure there are other drugs in the same class that are more effective in reducing blood pressure, such as amlopdipine or nifedipine.